Mid-South Environmental Justice Center • Data Center Freedom Coalition

Community Power Over Corporate Profits.

The Memphis Community Benefits Ordinance is a blueprint. Learn how to demand one for your community, defend it, and make it stronger. These tools work for data centers, pipelines, factories, and every industry that profits from your neighborhood.

WREG News Channel 3 • Mayor Proposes Ordinance to Invest xAI Tax Revenue Into Memphis Communities

No PILOTs. No Tax Incentives. Majority Revenue to Impacted Communities Community Advisory Required Applies to All Industries Remove Dollar Caps on Benefits
Important: While examples on this site draw from Memphis and the fight against xAI data centers, every strategy, template, and tool here can be adapted for any industry in any city. Data centers are the example. Community power is the lesson.

Community Benefits Agreement vs. Community Benefits Ordinance

These terms sound similar but carry very different weight. Knowing the difference is your first organizing tool.

CBA

Community Benefits Agreement

  • A private, voluntary contract negotiated between a developer and community groups
  • No law requires it. It depends entirely on goodwill and political pressure
  • Enforcement relies on courts, which takes time and money communities rarely have
  • Can be abandoned or weakened once a project is approved
  • Typically tied to one specific project or developer
  • Only as strong as the community's leverage at the negotiating table
vs
CBO

Community Benefits Ordinance

  • A law passed by a city council. It applies to all qualifying projects going forward
  • Creates a binding, enforceable floor for corporate accountability
  • Applies to future projects, not just the one that triggered it
  • Can mandate revenue sharing, community advisory boards, hiring preferences, and environmental standards
  • Much harder for corporations to walk away from once it is law
  • Sets a precedent that protects communities even when political leadership changes

The Memphis Example

In August 2025, Memphis became one of the first U.S. cities to pass a CBO tied to an AI data center. The ordinance directs 25% of xAI's city property tax revenue to communities within 5 miles of its facilities in 38109 and 38116, capped at $100 million total. Community advocates including the Data Center Freedom Coalition are demanding that figure be raised to 75% and the cap removed entirely.

25%
Current rate directed to impacted communities. We demand 75%.
$100M
Arbitrary cap on community benefits. We demand NO cap.
95%
Residents of 38109 who are Black, bearing the environmental and health cost
$3.4B
Estimated appraised value of xAI properties in Memphis while the community sees a fraction

How to Win a Community Benefits Ordinance

This guide uses Memphis as the model. Adapt every step to your city, your industry, and your community's needs.

No PILOTs. No Tax Incentives. Period.

Payment In Lieu Of Taxes (PILOTs) and other tax abatement programs let corporations skip out on the property taxes your community depends on. A CBO means nothing if a company is paying $0 in taxes to begin with. Any CBO campaign must simultaneously demand that no PILOT agreements, tax freezes, or tax increment financing deals be granted to data centers or other industrial facilities. Tax accountability is the foundation. Without it, a revenue-sharing ordinance is math on an empty plate.

This applies beyond data centers.

Every step below was learned through the fight against xAI in Memphis. But these same strategies have been used against pipelines, warehouses, chemical plants, Amazon fulfillment centers, and power plants. Wherever a corporation profits from proximity to your community, especially a Black or low-income community, a CBO is the right tool.

1
Research & Documentation

Know What You're Dealing With Before Anyone Else Does

File public records requests immediately when a new project is announced. Get zoning applications, permit filings, tax incentive agreements, environmental impact studies, and any correspondence between the company and city officials. In Memphis, residents learned xAI had been operating gas turbines without permits only because environmental groups flew drones and demanded documents. Document existing environmental burdens before the new project arrives so you can show cumulative harm.

2
Coalition Building

Build the Broadest Coalition Possible Before Going Public

Identify all affected groups: neighborhood associations, faith communities, environmental organizations, civil rights groups, labor unions, tenant organizations, schools, and health advocates. In Memphis, MCAP, Young Gifted & Green, the NAACP, SELC, Protect Our Aquifer, and dozens of faith leaders formed an interlocking coalition. No single organization can do this alone. Assign clear roles: legal support, media, community outreach, city council engagement, and technical research.

3
Data & Framing

Lead With Health and People, Not Just Policy Numbers

Elected officials respond to data but communities respond to stories. Use EPA EJScreen, CDC PLACES data, and air quality monitoring to build an evidence base. Then connect the numbers to real lives. Boxtown's cancer rate is four times the national average. Life expectancy is eight years below the U.S. average. Frame the CBO not as anti-business but as basic fairness: if a corporation profits from proximity to your community, it owes the community a majority of the benefits it generates.

4
Legislative Strategy

Draft Your Ordinance and Find Your Champions on Council

Use the model ordinance template on this site. Your ordinance should include: a defined percentage of tax revenue going to impacted communities with NO dollar cap; a mandatory community advisory board with a majority of seats held by impacted residents; a geographic impact zone defined by environmental data; enforcement mechanisms with teeth; and an explicit prohibition on PILOTs or tax incentives being granted simultaneously. Identify at least two council members willing to champion the bill before any public reading.

5
Public Mobilization

Pack Every Council Meeting and Every Public Hearing

In Memphis, residents showed up to every council session, every health department hearing, and every community meeting during the three-reading process. Visibility matters. Organize transportation to City Hall. Train community members to deliver effective public comments using the training template on this site. Coordinate speakers so each one adds a different dimension: a parent speaking about a child's asthma, a pastor speaking about community dignity, a data expert speaking about tax revenue, a lawyer speaking about permit violations.

6
Media Strategy

Tell Your Story Everywhere, All the Time

Memphis received coverage from TIME, NPR, The Guardian, Capital B, ABC News, Tennessee Lookout, MLK50, and dozens of other outlets because advocates were relentless and disciplined. Write op-eds. Give interviews. Post video of public hearings. Use the social media kit and op-ed template on this site. Assign one spokesperson for high-stakes media moments while training many community members to speak to local press. National attention creates local political pressure.

7
Community Advisory Structure

Stand Up the Advisory Board with Legal Integrity

Any community advisory board created under a CBO must operate under open meeting laws. Meetings must be publicly noticed in advance, minutes must be recorded and made available, voting must occur in public, and the public must have the opportunity to comment. Insist that the majority of board seats belong to residents of the impacted ZIP codes, not city officials, not corporate representatives, and not outside advocates. See the advisory board setup template on this site for state-by-state guidance.

8
Ongoing Accountability

Passing the Ordinance Is the Beginning, Not the End

Monitor implementation relentlessly. Attend advisory board meetings. File ongoing public records requests. Track whether funds are actually being disbursed to the right communities. In Memphis, advocates continue to push for amendments to increase the percentage and remove the cap even after passage. A CBO is a floor, not a ceiling. Your job is to keep raising that floor until the community receives what it is truly owed.

Memphis on the National Stage

The fight in Memphis has drawn coverage from across the country. Watch, learn, and share these resources.

Rooted in History. Built for This Moment.

Housed Within Young, Gifted & Green

Mid-South Environmental Justice Center

The Mid-South Environmental Justice Center is housed within Young, Gifted & Green, the sponsoring nonprofit organization. MSEJC is inspired by the Deep South Center for Environmental Justice in New Orleans, the first environmental justice center in the nation. Like its predecessor, the MSEJC is built on the conviction that frontline communities must have dedicated, permanent institutions that combine legal advocacy, community organizing, education, and research to fight environmental injustice and build community power.

Operating at the intersection of environmental health, racial justice, and economic equity, the MSEJC centers the voices of communities in the Mid-South who bear the greatest burden of industrial pollution, including the communities of South Memphis that have been fighting xAI's unchecked expansion.

Campaign Coalition

Data Center Freedom Coalition

The Data Center Freedom Coalition is inspired by the historic Freedom School movement, specifically the 1964 Mississippi Freedom Schools that educated and organized communities during the Civil Rights Movement, turning knowledge into power and power into political change. The Coalition carries that tradition forward: building a community curriculum, an organizing toolkit, and a replicable model for fighting corporate exploitation wherever it lands.

The Coalition believes that the same strategies used to win community benefits from xAI in Memphis can and should be adapted by communities everywhere facing data centers, pipelines, chemical plants, and every other industry that profits from proximity to frontline neighborhoods. The tools on this site are that curriculum.

Memphis Community Advisory Board

The Advisory Board Related to Public Use Funds from AI Properties held its first meeting in March 2026. Track all activity here.

Most Recent Meeting Video

Advisory Board Related to Public Use Funds from AI Properties. First meeting held March 2026. Check the City of Memphis website for the most current session recording.

City of Memphis Community Benefits Survey

The City of Memphis created a survey to gather input on how xAI tax revenue should be spent within the 5-mile impact zone. This survey is intended for residents of ZIP codes 38109 and 38116 only. If you are not from those ZIP codes, we encourage you to review it as a reference for what community input processes can look like.

Coalition Note: We do not believe this is the best survey tool for capturing the depth of community need. The City of Memphis did not incorporate all of the Community Advisory Board's feedback in the survey design. We share it here for transparency and to help communities elsewhere understand both the possibilities and the limitations of city-administered input processes.

Review the City Survey

Your Community Organizing Toolkit

Every template is ready to adapt for your community and industry. All materials are protected by copyright and owned by the Mid-South Environmental Justice Center's Data Center Freedom Coalition.

📜
Model CBO Ordinance
Legislative Template

A full draft ordinance with mandatory community advisory board, majority revenue percentage with no cap, prohibition on simultaneous PILOTs, enforcement mechanisms, and impact zone definition.

⬇ Download PDF
🏛️
Mayoral & Administration Engagement Toolkit
Executive Engagement

Step-by-step guide for requesting meetings with the mayor's office, what to bring, how to frame demands, follow-up protocol, and how to hold administration accountable in writing.

⬇ Download PDF
📚
Community Education Template
Public Education

A facilitated workshop curriculum for educating community members about CBOs, environmental justice, and their rights. Includes slide prompts, discussion questions, and a glossary.

⬇ Download PDF
📱
Social Media Kit
Digital Organizing

Ready-to-post captions for Instagram, X, Facebook, and TikTok. Includes graphic copy templates, hashtag strategy, posting schedule, and engagement prompts for campaign moments.

⬇ Download PDF
✍️
Op-Ed & Media Advisory Template
Media Strategy

A two-in-one media toolkit: a structured op-ed framework for newspapers and digital outlets, plus a ready-to-send Media Advisory template for press conferences, hearings, and council actions. Both tailored for CBO campaigns.

⬇ Download PDF
✊🏾
Petition Template
Community Mobilization

A printable and digital petition template demanding CBO passage or amendment. Includes a clear ask, signature fields, an impact statement, and instructions for presenting signatures to officials.

⬇ Download PDF
📧
City Council Email Campaign Template
Legislative Pressure

A complete email campaign template with sample constituent emails, instructions for finding council member contact info, subject line guidance, and a follow-up escalation sequence.

⬇ Download PDF
🎙️
Public Comment Training Template
Civic Participation

A complete training guide for preparing and delivering effective public comments at city council meetings, health department hearings, and planning commission sessions.

⬇ Download PDF
🏗️
Community Advisory Board Setup Guide
Open Meetings Law Compliance

Step-by-step instructions for establishing a community advisory board under state open meeting laws. Covers notice requirements, quorum, minutes obligations, member selection, and conflict of interest policies.

⬇ Download PDF

Request a Consultation or Training

The Data Center Freedom Coalition offers consultation and training for communities, organizations, NGOs, and local and state agencies working to develop community benefits ordinances or advance environmental justice campaigns.

A member of the Data Center Freedom Coalition team will contact you within 5 business days to discuss your needs and confirm scope. All materials and strategies shared in consultations are covered by the coalition's copyright. © 2026 Young, Gifted & Green / Mid-South Environmental Justice Center / Data Center Freedom Coalition.

Thank you. Your consultation request has been received. A member of the Data Center Freedom Coalition will be in touch within 5 business days. In the meantime, explore the templates and resources above.